Deno’s Garden

Iris pseudacorus

Genus Iris

This source reports 7 treatments. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around February 21, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on February 20, 2026.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

about 13 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

75% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around November 23, 2026 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on November 22, 2025.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: dark

  5. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  6. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

about 16 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

71% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around March 20, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on March 19, 2026.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

  5. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  6. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

    9 germinated in this phase.

Steps after step 4 run on after germination.

about 10 months from start to sowing. Then 84 days to germinate.

55% germination in 14–84 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 4

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around August 20, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on August 19, 2026.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

about 7 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

50% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 5

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around May 22, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on May 21, 2026.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

about 10 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

50% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 6

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around August 20, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on August 19, 2026.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

about 7 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

17% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 7

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 28 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 4 weeks.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C Light: dark

about 7 months from start to sowing.

0% germination.

Nothing germinated at 70.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Iris p. 156Public domain
Show the original text
Iris (Iridaceae). This genus gave -not only great diversity in germination behavior but also some of the most extended multicycle germination observed. Germination is always hypogeal, and true leaves develop in 'a week or two once the radicle emerges even when germination was delayed for years. Empty seed coats and deformed seeds are relatively easy to recognize so that seed counts and percent germination are accurate. A major problem is how to stimulate the germination of Oncocyclus and Regelia Iris since they have such extended natural germinations. Panayoti Kelaidis of the Denver Botanical Garden has iritorrmed me that Fritz Kummert In Austria, Frank Norris in Tennessee (USA), and David Shahak in Israel are growing Oncocyclus Iris from seed in large numbers. Panayoti said that there are reports that germination was much improved by rinsing the seed in dilute Chlorox (aqueous NaOCI) and rubbing off the seed coats after which the seeds germ. readily at 40. There are also reports that gibberelic acid and other chemicals stimulate germination. Data is needed using scientific procedures. A recent book, "The Iris" by B. Mathew, is devoted to this genus. Mathew divides the genus into six subgenera with further division into sections and series. His arrangement is used only in part. The species are arranged in alphabetical order for convenience with subgenus or section indicated in parentheses using the abbreviations B (bearded), Bx (beardless), E (Evansia), 'N (Nepalensis), .0 (Oncocyclus), P (Pardanthopsis), A (Regelia), At (Aeticulata), and X (Xiphium). I. pseudoacorus (Bx) germ. 70L(55% in 2-12 w)-40-70L(9%), 40-70L(3/4), and none in 70D or 40-70D using seeds which had been DS 6 m at 70 followed by WC for 4 w. Germination was lower without the WC as shown by 70L(1/6), 70D-40-70L(5/7), 40-70L(6/1 1), and none in dark treatments. Fresh seed germ. 40-70L(50%) and 70-40- 70L(50%). Unfortunately fresh seed has not yet been subjected to 70L, but presumably it would act much like DS seed. The requirement of light was also observed in seed of I. pseudoacorus alba from Finland.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Iris p. 156. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record; the step names come from a fixed list.