Deno’s Garden

Cotoneaster divaricatus

Genus Cotoneaster

Two sources report 9 treatments between them. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around March 19, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on March 18, 2025.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 7 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 7 days.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  6. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  7. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    12 germinated in this phase.

  8. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  9. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  10. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  11. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    23 germinated in this phase.

Steps after step 9 run on after germination.

about 2 years from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

27% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata data is now complete. Germination extends over many cycles and always occurred in 2-6 d after shifting to a cycle at 70. Studies should be conducted on varying the length of the cycles to see if faster germination could be achieved. the data are 40-70-40-70-40-70(14%)-40-70(19%)-40-70(26%) and 70-40-70-40-70(6%)- 40-70-40-70-40-70(10%) for fresh seed WC 7 d and 40-70-40-70(12%)-40-70(27%)- 40-70(23%) and 70-40-70-40-70(2%)-40-70(40%) for seed DS 6 m in the WC state. Outdoor treatment is no better. Fresh seed set outdoors in October germ. 3% in the April 1.5 years later, 13% in March 2.5 years later, 4% in March 3.5 years later. Seeds DS 6 m set outdoors in April germ. 22% in April a year later.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around September 20, 2026 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on September 19, 2024.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 7 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 7 days.

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  5. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  6. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  7. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  8. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    14 germinated in this phase.

  9. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  10. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    19 germinated in this phase.

  11. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  12. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 2.5 years from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

26% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata data is now complete. Germination extends over many cycles and always occurred in 2-6 d after shifting to a cycle at 70. Studies should be conducted on varying the length of the cycles to see if faster germination could be achieved. the data are 40-70-40-70-40-70(14%)-40-70(19%)-40-70(26%) and 70-40-70-40-70(6%)- 40-70-40-70-40-70(10%) for fresh seed WC 7 d and 40-70-40-70(12%)-40-70(27%)- 40-70(23%) and 70-40-70-40-70(2%)-40-70(40%) for seed DS 6 m in the WC state. Outdoor treatment is no better. Fresh seed set outdoors in October germ. 3% in the April 1.5 years later, 13% in March 2.5 years later, 4% in March 3.5 years later. Seeds DS 6 m set outdoors in April germ. 22% in April a year later.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.

Sow around October 2026 — a date the source gives, not one counted back from a May 3 last frost.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 7 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 7 days.

  3. Sow outdoors and leave it

    Sown outdoors in October.

7 days from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

3% germination.

This source doesn't state how long.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata data is now complete. Germination extends over many cycles and always occurred in 2-6 d after shifting to a cycle at 70. Studies should be conducted on varying the length of the cycles to see if faster germination could be achieved. the data are 40-70-40-70-40-70(14%)-40-70(19%)-40-70(26%) and 70-40-70-40-70(6%)- 40-70-40-70-40-70(10%) for fresh seed WC 7 d and 40-70-40-70(12%)-40-70(27%)- 40-70(23%) and 70-40-70-40-70(2%)-40-70(40%) for seed DS 6 m in the WC state. Outdoor treatment is no better. Fresh seed set outdoors in October germ. 3% in the April 1.5 years later, 13% in March 2.5 years later, 4% in March 3.5 years later. Seeds DS 6 m set outdoors in April germ. 22% in April a year later.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 4

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Sow around April 2027 — a date the source gives, not one counted back from a May 3 last frost.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 7 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 7 days.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Sow outdoors and leave it

    Sown outdoors in April; up in April.

about 6 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

22% germination.

This source doesn't state how long.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata data is now complete. Germination extends over many cycles and always occurred in 2-6 d after shifting to a cycle at 70. Studies should be conducted on varying the length of the cycles to see if faster germination could be achieved. the data are 40-70-40-70-40-70(14%)-40-70(19%)-40-70(26%) and 70-40-70-40-70(6%)- 40-70-40-70-40-70(10%) for fresh seed WC 7 d and 40-70-40-70(12%)-40-70(27%)- 40-70(23%) and 70-40-70-40-70(2%)-40-70(40%) for seed DS 6 m in the WC state. Outdoor treatment is no better. Fresh seed set outdoors in October germ. 3% in the April 1.5 years later, 13% in March 2.5 years later, 4% in March 3.5 years later. Seeds DS 6 m set outdoors in April germ. 22% in April a year later.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 5

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around June 22, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on June 21, 2024.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 7 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 7 days.

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  6. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  7. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    6 germinated in this phase.

  8. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  9. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  10. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  11. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  12. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  13. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 2.5 years from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

10% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata data is now complete. Germination extends over many cycles and always occurred in 2-6 d after shifting to a cycle at 70. Studies should be conducted on varying the length of the cycles to see if faster germination could be achieved. the data are 40-70-40-70-40-70(14%)-40-70(19%)-40-70(26%) and 70-40-70-40-70(6%)- 40-70-40-70-40-70(10%) for fresh seed WC 7 d and 40-70-40-70(12%)-40-70(27%)- 40-70(23%) and 70-40-70-40-70(2%)-40-70(40%) for seed DS 6 m in the WC state. Outdoor treatment is no better. Fresh seed set outdoors in October germ. 3% in the April 1.5 years later, 13% in March 2.5 years later, 4% in March 3.5 years later. Seeds DS 6 m set outdoors in April germ. 22% in April a year later.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 6

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 19, 2026 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on December 18, 2024.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Leach in running water

    Duration: 7 days

    Washed and cleaned daily for 7 days.

  3. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  5. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  6. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  7. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  8. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    2 germinated in this phase.

  9. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  10. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 2 years from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

40% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata data is now complete. Germination extends over many cycles and always occurred in 2-6 d after shifting to a cycle at 70. Studies should be conducted on varying the length of the cycles to see if faster germination could be achieved. the data are 40-70-40-70-40-70(14%)-40-70(19%)-40-70(26%) and 70-40-70-40-70(6%)- 40-70-40-70-40-70(10%) for fresh seed WC 7 d and 40-70-40-70(12%)-40-70(27%)- 40-70(23%) and 70-40-70-40-70(2%)-40-70(40%) for seed DS 6 m in the WC state. Outdoor treatment is no better. Fresh seed set outdoors in October germ. 3% in the April 1.5 years later, 13% in March 2.5 years later, 4% in March 3.5 years later. Seeds DS 6 m set outdoors in April germ. 22% in April a year later.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Cotoneaster p. 34. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 7

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around October 5, 2026 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on October 4, 2025.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  6. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  7. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 18 months from start to sowing. Then 8 days to germinate.

14% germination in 3–8 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Cotoneaster p. 126Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata germ. 40-70-40-70-40-70(14% in 3-8 d) and 70-40-70-40-70(4%) using fresh WC seed and 40-70-40-70(12% in 3-21 d) using WC seed that had been DS 6 m at 70. Seeds placed outdoors in October did not start germinating until the April 18 m later (10-20%). Grinding a hole in the seed coat had no effect. It is likely that germination would have continued in further cycles.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Cotoneaster p. 126. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 8

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around March 21, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on March 20, 2026.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 12 months from start to sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.

12% germination in 3–21 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Cotoneaster p. 126Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata germ. 40-70-40-70-40-70(14% in 3-8 d) and 70-40-70-40-70(4%) using fresh WC seed and 40-70-40-70(12% in 3-21 d) using WC seed that had been DS 6 m at 70. Seeds placed outdoors in October did not start germinating until the April 18 m later (10-20%). Grinding a hole in the seed coat had no effect. It is likely that germination would have continued in further cycles.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Cotoneaster p. 126. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 9

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 21, 2026 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on December 20, 2025.

  1. Clean the flesh off the seed

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  5. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  6. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 15 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

4% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Cotoneaster p. 126Public domain
Show the original text
Cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. divaricata germ. 40-70-40-70-40-70(14% in 3-8 d) and 70-40-70-40-70(4%) using fresh WC seed and 40-70-40-70(12% in 3-21 d) using WC seed that had been DS 6 m at 70. Seeds placed outdoors in October did not start germinating until the April 18 m later (10-20%). Grinding a hole in the seed coat had no effect. It is likely that germination would have continued in further cycles.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Cotoneaster p. 126. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.