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Tetrataenium nepalense

Nepal Cowparsnip

Family ApiaceaeGenus Tetrataenium

Herbarium sheet: large lobed toothed leaves and broad flat umbels of tiny dried flowers
IllustrationNaturalis Biodiversity CenterCC0

This source reports 5 treatments. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Low Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around September 11, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on September 10, 2026.

  1. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

about 6 months from start to sowing. Then 27 days to germinate.

93% germination in 10–27 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152Public domain
Show the original text
Heracleum (Aplaceae). H. nepalense germination benefits greatly from DS. Seed DS at 70 gave higher germination than seed DS at 40 showing that the necesary chemical reactions were not complete in 6 m at 40. Seed DS 6 m at 70 germ. 70(93% in 10-27 d) and 40(59%)-70. Seed DS 6'm at 40 berm. 70(68%)-40-70- 40-70(4%). Fresh seed germ. 70(3%)-40-70-40-70 and 40(22%)-70-40-70.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 15, 2026 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    4 germinated in this phase.

Steps after step 1 run on after germination.

about 3 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

68% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152Public domain
Show the original text
Heracleum (Aplaceae). H. nepalense germination benefits greatly from DS. Seed DS at 70 gave higher germination than seed DS at 40 showing that the necesary chemical reactions were not complete in 6 m at 40. Seed DS 6 m at 70 germ. 70(93% in 10-27 d) and 40(59%)-70. Seed DS 6'm at 40 berm. 70(68%)-40-70- 40-70(4%). Fresh seed germ. 70(3%)-40-70-40-70 and 40(22%)-70-40-70.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around June 19, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on June 18, 2026.

  1. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

Steps after step 2 run on after germination.

about 9 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

59% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152Public domain
Show the original text
Heracleum (Aplaceae). H. nepalense germination benefits greatly from DS. Seed DS at 70 gave higher germination than seed DS at 40 showing that the necesary chemical reactions were not complete in 6 m at 40. Seed DS 6 m at 70 germ. 70(93% in 10-27 d) and 40(59%)-70. Seed DS 6'm at 40 berm. 70(68%)-40-70- 40-70(4%). Fresh seed germ. 70(3%)-40-70-40-70 and 40(22%)-70-40-70.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 4

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 15, 2026 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

Steps after step 1 run on after germination.

about 3 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

22% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152Public domain
Show the original text
Heracleum (Aplaceae). H. nepalense germination benefits greatly from DS. Seed DS at 70 gave higher germination than seed DS at 40 showing that the necesary chemical reactions were not complete in 6 m at 40. Seed DS 6 m at 70 germ. 70(93% in 10-27 d) and 40(59%)-70. Seed DS 6'm at 40 berm. 70(68%)-40-70- 40-70(4%). Fresh seed germ. 70(3%)-40-70-40-70 and 40(22%)-70-40-70.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 5

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 15, 2026 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

Steps after step 1 run on after germination.

about 3 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

3% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152Public domain
Show the original text
Heracleum (Aplaceae). H. nepalense germination benefits greatly from DS. Seed DS at 70 gave higher germination than seed DS at 40 showing that the necesary chemical reactions were not complete in 6 m at 40. Seed DS 6 m at 70 germ. 70(93% in 10-27 d) and 40(59%)-70. Seed DS 6'm at 40 berm. 70(68%)-40-70- 40-70(4%). Fresh seed germ. 70(3%)-40-70-40-70 and 40(22%)-70-40-70.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Heracleum p. 152. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.

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