Deno’s Garden

Rosa carolina

Genus Rosa

This source reports three treatments. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around July 2, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on July 1, 2026.

  1. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  4. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  5. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    26 germinated in this phase.

  6. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  7. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    1 germinated in this phase.

Steps after step 3 run on after germination.

about 9 months from start to sowing. Then 8 days to germinate.

60% germination in 2–8 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Rosa p. 71Public domain
Show the original text
Rosa (Rosaceae). Germination in the six species studied earlier and the following three extends over a number of cycles. Varying the time of each cycle from three months to other time periods should be tried. Recently two papers (H. Kuska, Rose Hybridizers News Letter^ 7 (1994) and Y. Yambe and K. Takeno, HortScience 27, 1018 (1992) have reported that germination is speeded up by treating the seeds with a variety of macerating enzymes. Since pericarp removal gave immediate germination, the results were interpreted to mean that the enzymes digested and opened the seed coat along the suture line where the seed coat is thinnest. Such interpretations are not in accord with my own experiments where puncturing the seed coat had no effect. Light was not expected to have any effect and was not tried, and GA-3 treatments were without effect. R. carolina germ. 40-70(18% in 2-4 d)-40-70(43% in 3-14 d)-40-70(12% on 4th d)-40-70(2%), 70-40-70(60% in 2-8 d)-40-70(26% on 2nd d)-40-70(1%), and 38% in April-May in OT.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Rosa p. 71. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around March 28, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on March 27, 2026.

  1. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    18 germinated in this phase.

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  5. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  6. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    12 germinated in this phase.

  7. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  8. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

    2 germinated in this phase.

Steps after step 4 run on after germination.

about 12 months from start to sowing. Then 14 days to germinate.

43% germination in 3–14 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Rosa p. 71Public domain
Show the original text
Rosa (Rosaceae). Germination in the six species studied earlier and the following three extends over a number of cycles. Varying the time of each cycle from three months to other time periods should be tried. Recently two papers (H. Kuska, Rose Hybridizers News Letter^ 7 (1994) and Y. Yambe and K. Takeno, HortScience 27, 1018 (1992) have reported that germination is speeded up by treating the seeds with a variety of macerating enzymes. Since pericarp removal gave immediate germination, the results were interpreted to mean that the enzymes digested and opened the seed coat along the suture line where the seed coat is thinnest. Such interpretations are not in accord with my own experiments where puncturing the seed coat had no effect. Light was not expected to have any effect and was not tried, and GA-3 treatments were without effect. R. carolina germ. 40-70(18% in 2-4 d)-40-70(43% in 3-14 d)-40-70(12% on 4th d)-40-70(2%), 70-40-70(60% in 2-8 d)-40-70(26% on 2nd d)-40-70(1%), and 38% in April-May in OT.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Rosa p. 71. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

  1. Sow outdoors and leave it

    Up in April-May.

No stated waiting before sowing.

38% germination.

This source doesn't state how long.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement — N. C. Deno, 1996 · 1st Supplement, Rosa p. 71Public domain
Show the original text
Rosa (Rosaceae). Germination in the six species studied earlier and the following three extends over a number of cycles. Varying the time of each cycle from three months to other time periods should be tried. Recently two papers (H. Kuska, Rose Hybridizers News Letter^ 7 (1994) and Y. Yambe and K. Takeno, HortScience 27, 1018 (1992) have reported that germination is speeded up by treating the seeds with a variety of macerating enzymes. Since pericarp removal gave immediate germination, the results were interpreted to mean that the enzymes digested and opened the seed coat along the suture line where the seed coat is thinnest. Such interpretations are not in accord with my own experiments where puncturing the seed coat had no effect. Light was not expected to have any effect and was not tried, and GA-3 treatments were without effect. R. carolina germ. 40-70(18% in 2-4 d)-40-70(43% in 3-14 d)-40-70(12% on 4th d)-40-70(2%), 70-40-70(60% in 2-8 d)-40-70(26% on 2nd d)-40-70(1%), and 38% in April-May in OT.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 1st Supplement, 1st Supplement, Rosa p. 71. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.