Deno’s Garden

Butomus umbellatus

Genus Butomus

This source reports three treatments. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around May 10, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on May 9, 2025.

  1. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

about 6 months from start to sowing. Then 516 days to germinate.

31% germination in 516 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Butomus p. 108Public domain
Show the original text
Butomus (Butomaceae). B. umbellatus requires light for germination, but the light is more effective after 3 m moist at 40. The data were 40-70L(31% in 516 d), 70L(8%), and none in 70D and 40-70D. In the mildly anaerobic atmosphere as described in Chapter 12, 2% germ.. Treatment with GA-3 did not initiate germination.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Butomus p. 108. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C Light: light

No stated waiting before sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

8% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Butomus p. 108Public domain
Show the original text
Butomus (Butomaceae). B. umbellatus requires light for germination, but the light is more effective after 3 m moist at 40. The data were 40-70L(31% in 516 d), 70L(8%), and none in 70D and 40-70D. In the mildly anaerobic atmosphere as described in Chapter 12, 2% germ.. Treatment with GA-3 did not initiate germination.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Butomus p. 108. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

  1. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C Light: dark

No stated waiting before sowing.

0% germination.

Nothing germinated at 70.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Butomus p. 108Public domain
Show the original text
Butomus (Butomaceae). B. umbellatus requires light for germination, but the light is more effective after 3 m moist at 40. The data were 40-70L(31% in 516 d), 70L(8%), and none in 70D and 40-70D. In the mildly anaerobic atmosphere as described in Chapter 12, 2% germ.. Treatment with GA-3 did not initiate germination.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Butomus p. 108. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record; the step names come from a fixed list.