Difficulty ModerateRated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 29, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
1
Sow on the surface — do not cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 7 days to germinate.
37% germination in 7 days.
Light is an absolute requirement: nothing at all germinates in the dark, and seed held in the dark for six weeks then moved into light behaves as though the six weeks never happened. A first order rate with a half life of five days. The seed had been dry stored two years and 40% of it rotted.
Protocol 2
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993
Difficulty HighRated by us, not by the source.
Start around December 25, 2026 for a May 3 last frost.
1
Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
2
Sow on the surface — do not cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
about 3 months from start to sowing. Then 11 days to germinate.
31% germination in 3–11 days.
Three months at 40 partly removes the light requirement: in the dark after a cold period, 9% germinates where none did before.
Protocol 3
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993
Difficulty HighRated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
1
Sow outdoors and leave it
No stated waiting before sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.